Your gums play a vital role in protecting your teeth and supporting your smile. Periodontal disease, or gum disease, is an ongoing infection that damages the gums and the bone that hold your teeth in place. Healthy gums fit snugly around your teeth, like a frame around a painting, creating a strong foundation. When they become unhealthy, they may appear red, swollen, or tender, begin to recede, or eventually lead to loose teeth and tooth loss. As the condition progresses, the supporting bone can break down, affecting how you chew, speak, and smile.

Two Stages of Gum Disease

Gingivitis (Early Stage)

Gingivitis is the first and most common stage of gum disease. It’s caused by plaque—a sticky film of bacteria that forms on your teeth every day. If not removed by brushing and flossing, plaque irritates the gums, leading to redness and swelling, bleeding while brushing and flossing, and tender or puffy gums. This disease is reversible once adequate hygiene has been established.

Periodontitis (Advanced Stage)

If gingivitis is left untreated, it can progress to periodontitis, where bacteria spread deeper below the gum line. This causes the bone and connective tissue that hold your teeth in place to break down, creating pockets around the teeth. Over time, teeth may become loose or even be lost.

What You Should Know

Gum disease is often silent: Many people don’t feel pain or notice symptoms until it’s advanced.

It’s very common: Up to 80% of adults show signs of periodontal disease by age 45.

It can affect more than your mouth: Studies have linked gum disease to conditions like heart disease, diabetes, and respiratory illness. Read more here.

Early care makes a big difference: Detecting and treating gum disease early can prevent bone loss and protect your long-term oral health.

Simple Ways to Keep Your Gums Healthy

• Brush twice a day with a soft toothbrush
• Floss daily to clean between teeth*
• Visit us regularly for professional cleanings and checkups
• Follow your doctor’s plan for ongoing maintenance if you’ve been diagnosed with gum disease. This is often the key to successful treatment and long-term health of your teeth and gums.

Small daily habits and regular visits make a big impact—helping you keep your gums strong and your smile healthy.

*Your doctor may recommend a WaterPik for better access to harder to reach areas.